Angola: Forest Cover, 2005
| Total Land Area (ha) | 124,670,000 | | Total Forest Area (ha) | 59,104,000 | | Percent Forest Cover | 47.41% | | Primary Forest Cover (ha) | - | | Primary Forest, % total forest | 0.00% | | Primary Forest, % total land | 0.00% | | Other wooded land (ha) | - |
Angola : Forest types
| Tropical (% forest area) | 100% | | Subtropical (% forest area) | 0% | | Temperate (% forest area) | 0% | | Boreal/polar (% forest area) | 0% |
Angola: Breakdown of forest types, 2005
| Primary forest (ha | %) | - | 0.0% | | Modified natural (ha | %) | 58,973,000 | 99.8% | | Semi-natural (ha | %) | - | 0.0% | | Production plantation (ha | %) | 131,000 | 0.2% | | Production plantation (ha | %) | - | 0.0% |
Angola: Change in Forest Cover
| TOTAL FOREST COVER | | Forest 1990 (ha) | 60,976,000 | | Forest 2000 (ha) | 59,728,000 | | Forest 2005 (ha) | 59,104,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | (124,800) | -0.20% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | (124,800) | -0.21% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | (1,872,000) | -3.07% | | Change in rate (%) | 2.09% | | PRIMARY FOREST COVER | | Primary 1990 (ha) | - | | Primary 2000 (ha) | - | | Primary 2005 (ha) | - | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | #DIV/0! | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | #DIV/0! | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | #DIV/0! | | Change in rate (%) | #DIV/0! | | OTHER WOODED LAND | | Other 1990 (ha) | - | | Other 2000 (ha) | - | | Other 2005 (ha) | - | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | - | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Change in rate (%) | - | | PLANTATIONS | | Other 1990 (ha) | 140,000 | | Other 2000 (ha) | 134,000 | | Other 2005 (ha) | 131,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | (600) | -0.43% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | (600) | -0.45% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | (9,000) | -6.43% | | Change in rate (%) | 4.48% | TOTAL DEGRADATION/CONSERVSION
Forest area+Wooded Area-Plantations | | Other 1990 (ha) | 60,836,000 | | Other 2000 (ha) | 59,594,000 | | Other 2005 (ha) | 58,973,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | (124,200) | -0.20% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | (124,200) | -0.21% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | (1,863,000) | -3.06% | | Change in rate (%) | 2.08% |
Angola: Primary
| Primary or "old-growth" vegetation | | Primary Forest 2005 (ha) | 0 | | Other primary wooded land 2005 (ha) | - | | Other primary wooded land 2005 (ha) | 0 | | Undisturbed vegetation 2005 (% land area) | 0.00% |
Angola: Forest designation
| Ownership of forest land, 2000 | | Public (%) | 100.0% | | Private (%) | 0.0% | | Other (%) | 0.0% | | Ownership of other wooded land, 2000 | | Public (%) | - | | Private (%) | - | | Other (%) | - | | Designated functions of forest � primary function 2005 | | Production (%) | 4.0% | | Protection (%) | - | | Conservation (%) | 3.2% | | Social Services (%) | - | | Multiple Services (%) | - | | None of Unknown (%) | 92.9% |
Angola: Disturbances affecting forest land 2000
| Forest Area annually affected by | | Fire (%) | - | | Insects (ha) | - | | Diseases (ha) | - | | Other (ha) | - |
Angola: Protected areas
| Protected areas | | Biosphere reserves, 2005 | | Wetlands of international importance (Ramsar sites), 2005 | 0 | | World Heritage sites, 2004 | 0 | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories I-V, percent of total land | 4.2% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories Ia, Ib, and II, extent, percent of total land | 2.37% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories III, IV, and V, percent of total land, 2004 | 1.86% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories VI and other, percent of total land, 2004 | 5.84% |
Angola: Biodiversity - Wildlife
| Amphibians | | total species | 85 | | endemic species | 22 | | threatened species | 0 | | Birds | | total species | 930 | | endemic species | 17 | | threatened species | 20 | | Mammals | | total species | 296 | | endemic species | 7 | | threatened species | 11 | | Reptiles | | total species | 235 | | endemic species | 20 | | threatened species | 4 | | Wildlife diversity | | total species | 1546 | | endemic species | 66 | | threatened species | 35 |
Angola: Biodiversity - Plants
| Growing stock composition | 3 most common species
% of total growing stock | - | | Growing stock composition | 3 most common species
% of total growing stock | - | | Number of Native tree species | | | Native tree species | - | | Number of tree species in IUCN red list | | Critically Endangered | | 0 | | Endangered | 2 | | Vulnerable | 19 | | Vascular Plant Species, 2004 | | Total | 5185 | | Number endemic | 1260 | | Number of Threatened Plant Species, 2004 | | Species threatened | 26 |
Angola: Value of forests
| Biomass stock in forest, 2005 | | Above-ground biomass (M t) | 7,605 | | Below-ground biomass (M t) | 2,053 | | Dead wood (M t) | 1,076 | | Total (M t) | 10,734 | | Carbon stock in forest, 2005 | | Carbon in above-ground biomass (M t) | 3,803 | | Carbon in below-ground biomass (M t) | 1,027 | | Carbon in dead wood (M t) | 538 | | Carbon in litter (M t) | 124 | | Soil carbon (M t) | - | | Change in growing stock 1990 - 2005 | | Annual change rate (1000 cubic m/yr) | | 1990-2000 | -4,870 | | 2000-2005 | -4,860 | | Growing stock per hectare 1990 - 2005 | | Annual change rate ( cubic m/ha per yr) | | 1990-2000 | n.s. | | 2000-2005 | n.s. | | Wood removal 2005 | | Industrial roundwood (1000 cubic m) | 1,283 | | Wood fuel (1000 cubic m) | 3,913 | | Total wood removal 2005 (1000 cubic m) | 5,196 | | Total wood removal 2005 (% of growing stock) | n.s. | | Plant products 2005 | | Food (t) | - | | Fodder (t) | - | | Raw material for medicine and aromatic products (t) | - | | Raw material for colorants and dyes (t) | - | | Raw material for utensils, handicrafts & construction (t) | - | | Ornamental plants (t) | - | | Exudates (t) | - | | Other plant products (t) | - | | Animal products 2005 | | Living animals (units) | - | | Hides, skins and trophies (units) | - | | Wild honey and bee-wax (t) | - | | Bush meat (t) | - | | Raw material for medicine and aromatic products (t) | - | | Raw material for colorants and dyes (t) | - | | Other edible animal products (t) | - | | Other non-edible animal products (t) | - | | Value of wood and non-wood forest product removal 2005 | | Industrial roundwood (US$) | - | | Wood fuel (US$) | - | | Non-wood forest products (US$) | - | | Total value (US$) | - | | Total value ($USD/ha) | $- | | Employment in forestry 2000 | | Total people employed | - |
Angola : Production, trade and consumption of forest products, 2002
| Woodfuel ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | 3,320 | | Imports | 0 | | Exports | - | | Consumption | 3,320 | | Industrial roundwood ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | 1,116 | | Imports | 0 | | Exports | 1 | | Consumption | 1,115 | | Sawnwood ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | 5 | | Imports | 0 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 5 | | Wood-based panels ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | 11 | | Imports | 1 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 12 | | Pulp for paper ('000 metric tons), 2002 | | Production | 15 | | Imports | 0 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 15 | | Paper and paperboard ('000 metric tons), 2002 | | Production | 0 | | Imports | 2 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 2 |
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Angola: Environment
| Environment - current issues | overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion attributable to population pressures; desertification; deforestation of tropical rain forest, in response to both international demand for tropical timber and to domestic use as fuel, resulting in loss of biodiversity; soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams; inadequate supplies of potable water | | Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | | Natural hazards | locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau |
Angola: Land use / Resources
| Land use (%) | arable land: 2.41%
permanent crops: 0.24%
other: 97.35% (2001) | | Natural resources | petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite, uranium |
Angola: Economy
| Economy - overview: | Angola's high growth rate is driven by its oil sector, but record oil prices and rising petroleum production have occurred without improved performance in other parts of the economy. Oil production and its supporting activities, contribute about 45% to GDP and more than half of exports, and much of the country's infrastructure is still damaged or undeveloped from the 22 year-long civil war. Remnants of the conflict such as widespread land mines still mar the countryside even though an apparently durable peace has been established after the death of rebel leader Jonas SAVIMBI in February 2002. Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for 85% of the population, but much of the country's food must still be imported. In 2005, the government started using a $2 billion line of credit from China to rebuild Angola's public infrastructure, and several large-scale projects are scheduled for completion by 2006. The central bank in 2003 implemented an exchange rate stabilization program using foreign exchange reserves to buy kwanzas out of circulation, a policy that was more sustainable in 2005 because of strong oil export earnings, and has significantly reduced inflation. Consumer inflation declined from 325% in 2000 to about 18% in 2005, but the stabilization policy places pressure on international net liquidity. To fully take advantage of its rich national resources - gold, diamonds, extensive forests, Atlantic fisheries, and large oil deposits - Angola will need to continue reforming government policies and to reduce corruption. The government has made sufficient progress on reforms recommended by the IMF, such as promoting greater transparency in government spending, and continues to be without a formal monitoring agreement with the institution. Increased oil production supported 12% growth in 2004 and 14% growth in 2005. | | GDP - per capita | $2,500 (2005 est.) | | GDP - real growth rate (%) | 14.1% (2005 est.) | | Agriculture - products | bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, manioc (tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains; livestock; forest products; fish | | GDP - composition by sector (%) | agriculture: 8%, industry: 67%, services: 25% (2001 est.) | | Industries | petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing; food processing; brewing; tobacco products; sugar; textiles, ship repair | | Economic aid - recipient | $383.5 million (1999) | | Debt - external | $9.879 billion (2005 est.) | | Population below poverty line (%) | 70% (2003 est.) | | Labor force - by occupation (%) | agriculture 85%, industry and services 15% (2003 est.) |
Angola: Population / Demographics
| Population (July 2005) | 11,190,786 | | Population growth rate (%) (2005) | 1.90% | | Population density (people/sq km) (2005) | 9.0 | | Percent rural (2003) | 64.3% | | Median age (years) | total: 18.12 years | | Total fertility rate (children born/woman) | 6.27 (2005 est.) | | Ethnic groups (%) | Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mestico (mixed European and native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22% |
Largest Cities in Angola
Cities and urban areas in Angola with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.
| City | Country | City Population | Urban Area Population |
| Luanda | Angola | 2193400 | 2640500 |
| Huambo | Angola | 168300 | 168300 |
| Lobito | Angola | 134600 | 134600 |
| Benguela | Angola | 131400 | 131400 |
| Namibe | Angola | 125400 | 125400 |
 Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005) and the State of the World�s Forests (2005, 2003, 2001)
Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com
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