Cape Verde: Forest Cover, 2005
| Total Land Area (ha) | 403,000 | | Total Forest Area (ha) | 84,000 | | Percent Forest Cover | 20.84% | | Primary Forest Cover (ha) | - | | Primary Forest, % total forest | - | | Primary Forest, % total land | - | | Other wooded land (ha) | - |
Cape Verde : Forest types
| Tropical (% forest area) | 100% | | Subtropical (% forest area) | 0% | | Temperate (% forest area) | 0% | | Boreal/polar (% forest area) | 0% |
Cape Verde: Breakdown of forest types, 2005
| Primary forest (ha | %) | - | - | | Modified natural (ha | %) | - | - | | Semi-natural (ha | %) | - | - | | Production plantation (ha | %) | 67,000 | 79.8% | | Production plantation (ha | %) | 17,000 | 20.2% |
Cape Verde: Change in Forest Cover
| TOTAL FOREST COVER | | Forest 1990 (ha) | 58,000 | | Forest 2000 (ha) | 82,000 | | Forest 2005 (ha) | 84,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | 2,400 | 4.14% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | 400 | 0.49% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | 26,000 | 44.83% | | Change in rate (%) | -88.21% | | PRIMARY FOREST COVER | | Primary 1990 (ha) | - | | Primary 2000 (ha) | - | | Primary 2005 (ha) | - | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | - | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Change in rate (%) | - | | OTHER WOODED LAND | | Other 1990 (ha) | - | | Other 2000 (ha) | - | | Other 2005 (ha) | - | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | - | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Change in rate (%) | - | | PLANTATIONS | | Other 1990 (ha) | 58,000 | | Other 2000 (ha) | 82,000 | | Other 2005 (ha) | 84,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | 2,400 | 4.14% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | 400 | 0.49% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | 26,000 | 44.83% | | Change in rate (%) | -88.21% | TOTAL DEGRADATION/CONSERVSION
Forest area+Wooded Area-Plantations | | Other 1990 (ha) | - | | Other 2000 (ha) | - | | Other 2005 (ha) | - | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | #DIV/0! | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | #DIV/0! | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | #DIV/0! | | Change in rate (%) | #DIV/0! |
Cape Verde: Primary
| Primary or "old-growth" vegetation | | Primary Forest 2005 (ha) | - | | Other primary wooded land 2005 (ha) | - | | Other primary wooded land 2005 (ha) | 0 | | Undisturbed vegetation 2005 (% land area) | 0.00% |
Cape Verde: Forest designation
| Ownership of forest land, 2000 | | Public (%) | 100.0% | | Private (%) | 0.0% | | Other (%) | 0.0% | | Ownership of other wooded land, 2000 | | Public (%) | - | | Private (%) | - | | Other (%) | - | | Designated functions of forest � primary function 2005 | | Production (%) | 80.0% | | Protection (%) | 8.8% | | Conservation (%) | 11.2% | | Social Services (%) | - | | Multiple Services (%) | - | | None of Unknown (%) | - |
Cape Verde: Disturbances affecting forest land 2000
| Forest Area annually affected by | | Fire (%) | - | | Insects (ha) | - | | Diseases (ha) | - | | Other (ha) | - |
Cape Verde: Protected areas
| Protected areas | | Biosphere reserves, 2005 | | Wetlands of international importance (Ramsar sites), 2005 | 0 | | World Heritage sites, 2004 | 0 | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories I-V, percent of total land | 0.0% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories Ia, Ib, and II, extent, percent of total land | 0.00% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories III, IV, and V, percent of total land, 2004 | 0.00% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories VI and other, percent of total land, 2004 | 0.25% |
Cape Verde: Biodiversity - Wildlife
| Amphibians | | total species | 0 | | endemic species | | | threatened species | 0 | | Birds | | total species | 160 | | endemic species | 4 | | threatened species | 4 | | Mammals | | total species | 0 | | endemic species | 0 | | threatened species | 3 | | Reptiles | | total species | 0 | | endemic species | 12 | | threatened species | 0 | | Wildlife diversity | | total species | 160 | | endemic species | 16 | | threatened species | 7 |
Cape Verde: Biodiversity - Plants
| Growing stock composition | 3 most common species
% of total growing stock | - | | Growing stock composition | 3 most common species
% of total growing stock | - | | Number of Native tree species | | | Native tree species | 240 | | Number of tree species in IUCN red list | | Critically Endangered | | 0 | | Endangered | 0 | | Vulnerable | 2 | | Vascular Plant Species, 2004 | | Total | | | Number endemic | 86 | | Number of Threatened Plant Species, 2004 | | Species threatened | 2 |
Cape Verde: Value of forests
| Biomass stock in forest, 2005 | | Above-ground biomass (M t) | 12 | | Below-ground biomass (M t) | 4 | | Dead wood (M t) | - | | Total (M t) | - | | Carbon stock in forest, 2005 | | Carbon in above-ground biomass (M t) | 6 | | Carbon in below-ground biomass (M t) | 2 | | Carbon in dead wood (M t) | - | | Carbon in litter (M t) | - | | Soil carbon (M t) | - | | Change in growing stock 1990 - 2005 | | Annual change rate (1000 cubic m/yr) | | 1990-2000 | 350 | | 2000-2005 | 40 | | Growing stock per hectare 1990 - 2005 | | Annual change rate ( cubic m/ha per yr) | | 1990-2000 | n.s. | | 2000-2005 | -0.04 | | Wood removal 2005 | | Industrial roundwood (1000 cubic m) | - | | Wood fuel (1000 cubic m) | - | | Total wood removal 2005 (1000 cubic m) | - | | Total wood removal 2005 (% of growing stock) | - | | Plant products 2005 | | Food (t) | - | | Fodder (t) | - | | Raw material for medicine and aromatic products (t) | - | | Raw material for colorants and dyes (t) | - | | Raw material for utensils, handicrafts & construction (t) | - | | Ornamental plants (t) | - | | Exudates (t) | - | | Other plant products (t) | - | | Animal products 2005 | | Living animals (units) | - | | Hides, skins and trophies (units) | - | | Wild honey and bee-wax (t) | - | | Bush meat (t) | - | | Raw material for medicine and aromatic products (t) | - | | Raw material for colorants and dyes (t) | - | | Other edible animal products (t) | - | | Other non-edible animal products (t) | - | | Value of wood and non-wood forest product removal 2005 | | Industrial roundwood (US$) | - | | Wood fuel (US$) | - | | Non-wood forest products (US$) | - | | Total value (US$) | - | | Total value ($USD/ha) | $- | | Employment in forestry 2000 | | Total people employed | n.s. |
Cape Verde : Production, trade and consumption of forest products, 2002
| Woodfuel ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | - | | Imports | 0 | | Exports | - | | Consumption | 0 | | Industrial roundwood ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | - | | Imports | 1 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 1 | | Sawnwood ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | - | | Imports | 1 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 1 | | Wood-based panels ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | - | | Imports | 10 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 10 | | Pulp for paper ('000 metric tons), 2002 | | Production | - | | Imports | - | | Exports | - | | Consumption | 0 | | Paper and paperboard ('000 metric tons), 2002 | | Production | - | | Imports | 1 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 1 |
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Cape Verde: Environment
| Environment - current issues | soil erosion; deforestation due to demand for wood used as fuel; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing | | Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | | Natural hazards | prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active |
Cape Verde: Land use / Resources
| Land use (%) | arable land: 9.68%
permanent crops: 0.5%
other: 89.82% (2001) | | Natural resources | salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, fish, clay, gypsum |
Cape Verde: Economy
| Economy - overview: | This island economy suffers from a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, tourism, and public services accounting for 72% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 2004 was only 12%, of which fishing accounted for 1.5%. About 82% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances supplement GDP by more than 20%. Economic reforms are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Future prospects depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, the encouragement of tourism, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program. | | GDP - per capita | $6,200 (2005 est.) | | GDP - real growth rate (%) | 5.5% (2005 est.) | | Agriculture - products | bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish | | GDP - composition by sector (%) | agriculture: 12.1%, industry: 21.9%, services: 66% (2004 est.) | | Industries | food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair | | Economic aid - recipient | $136 million (1999) | | Debt - external | $325 million (2002) | | Population below poverty line (%) | 30% (2000) |
Cape Verde: Population / Demographics
| Population (July 2005) | 418,224 | | Population growth rate (%) (2005) | 0.67% | | Population density (people/sq km) (2005) | 103.7 | | Percent rural (2003) | 44.1% | | Median age (years) | total: 19.4 years | | Total fertility rate (children born/woman) | 3.48 (2005 est.) | | Ethnic groups (%) | Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1% |
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Cape Verde: Infrastructure
| Telephones - main lines in use | 71,700 (2003) | | Telephones - mobile cellular | 53,300 (2003) | | Roadways (km) | total: 1,350 km
paved: 1,053 km
unpaved: 297 km (2002) |
Cape Verde: Health
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | total population: 70.45 years
male: 67.13 years
female: 73.86 years (2005 est.) | | Infant mortality rate | 47.77 deaths/1,000 live births | | HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) | 0.035% (2001 est.) |
Cape Verde
: References & Data Sources
 Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005) and the State of the World�s Forests (2005, 2003, 2001)
Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com
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