STATISTICS: Equatorial Guinea


Equatorial Guinea

58.2% —or about 1,632,000 hectares—of Equatorial Guinea is forested.

Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2000, Equatorial Guinea lost an average of 15,200 hectares of forest per year. The amounts to an average annual deforestation rate of 0.82%. Between 2000 and 2005, the rate of forest change increased by 8.9% to 0.89% per annum. In total, between 1990 and 2005, Equatorial Guinea lost 12.3% of its forest cover, or around 228,000 hectares. Measuring the total rate of habitat conversion (defined as change in forest area plus change in woodland area minus net plantation expansion) for the 1990-2005 interval, Equatorial Guinea lost 10.8% of its forest and woodland habitat.

Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Equatorial Guinea has some 694 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 2.0% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 4.3% are threatened. Equatorial Guinea is home to at least 3250 species of vascular plants, of which 2.0% are endemic. 16.8% of Equatorial Guinea is protected under IUCN categories I-V.

Equatorial Guinea Environmental profile






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Equatorial Guinea: Forest Cover, 2005
Total Land Area (ha)2,805,000
Total Forest Area (ha)1,632,000
Percent Forest Cover58.18%
Primary Forest Cover (ha)-
Primary Forest, % total forest-
Primary Forest, % total land-
Other wooded land (ha)31,000


Equatorial Guinea : Forest types
Tropical (% forest area)100%
Subtropical (% forest area)0%
Temperate (% forest area)0%
Boreal/polar (% forest area)0%


Equatorial Guinea: Breakdown of forest types, 2005
Primary forest (ha | %)--
Modified natural (ha | %)--
Semi-natural (ha | %)--
Production plantation (ha | %)--
Production plantation (ha | %)--


Equatorial Guinea: Change in Forest Cover
TOTAL FOREST COVER
Forest 1990 (ha)1,860,000
Forest 2000 (ha)1,708,000
Forest 2005 (ha)1,632,000
Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %)(15,200)-0.82%
Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %)(15,200)-0.89%
Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %)(228,000)-12.26%
Change in rate (%)8.90%
PRIMARY FOREST COVER
Primary 1990 (ha)-
Primary 2000 (ha)-
Primary 2005 (ha)-
Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %)--
Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %)--
Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %)--
Change in rate (%)-
OTHER WOODED LAND
Other 1990 (ha)5,000
Other 2000 (ha)22,000
Other 2005 (ha)31,000
Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %)1,70034.00%
Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %)1,8008.18%
Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %)26,000520.00%
Change in rate (%)-75.94%
PLANTATIONS
Other 1990 (ha)-
Other 2000 (ha)-
Other 2005 (ha)-
Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %)--
Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %)--
Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %)--
Change in rate (%)-
TOTAL DEGRADATION/CONSERVSION
Forest area+Wooded Area-Plantations
Other 1990 (ha)1,865,000
Other 2000 (ha)1,730,000
Other 2005 (ha)1,663,000
Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %)(13,500)-0.72%
Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %)(13,400)-0.77%
Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %)(202,000)-10.83%
Change in rate (%)7.00%


Equatorial Guinea: Primary
Primary or "old-growth" vegetation
Primary Forest 2005 (ha)-
Other primary wooded land 2005 (ha)-
Other primary wooded land 2005 (ha)0
Undisturbed vegetation 2005 (% land area)0.00%


Equatorial Guinea: Forest designation
Ownership of forest land, 2000
Public (%)-
Private (%)-
Other (%)-
Ownership of other wooded land, 2000
Public (%)-
Private (%)-
Other (%)-
Designated functions of forest � primary function 2005
Production (%)-
Protection (%)-
Conservation (%)-
Social Services (%)-
Multiple Services (%)-
None of Unknown (%)-


Equatorial Guinea: Disturbances affecting forest land 2000
Forest Area annually affected by
Fire (%)-
Insects (ha)-
Diseases (ha)-
Other (ha)-


Equatorial Guinea: Protected areas
Protected areas
Biosphere reserves, 2005
Wetlands of international importance (Ramsar sites), 20053
World Heritage sites, 20040
Protected Areas: IUCN categories I-V, percent of total land16.8%
Protected Areas: IUCN categories Ia, Ib, and II, extent, percent of total land12.64%
Protected Areas: IUCN categories III, IV, and V, percent of total land, 20043.58%
Protected Areas: IUCN categories VI and other, percent of total land, 20040.00%


Equatorial Guinea: Biodiversity - Wildlife
Amphibians
total species31
endemic species1
threatened species5
Birds
total species418
endemic species4
threatened species6
Mammals
total species153
endemic species2
threatened species17
Reptiles
total species92
endemic species7
threatened species2
Wildlife diversity
total species694
endemic species14
threatened species30


Equatorial Guinea: Biodiversity - Plants
Growing stock composition
3 most common species
% of total growing stock
-
Growing stock composition
3 most common species
% of total growing stock
-
Number of Native tree species
Native tree species-
Number of tree species in IUCN red list
Critically Endangered1
Endangered4
Vulnerable11
Vascular Plant Species, 2004
Total3250
Number endemic66
Number of Threatened Plant Species, 2004
Species threatened61


Equatorial Guinea: Value of forests
Biomass stock in forest, 2005
Above-ground biomass (M t)186
Below-ground biomass (M t)45
Dead wood (M t)30
Total (M t)261
Carbon stock in forest, 2005
Carbon in above-ground biomass (M t)93
Carbon in below-ground biomass (M t)22
Carbon in dead wood (M t)15
Carbon in litter (M t)-
Soil carbon (M t)-
Change in growing stock 1990 - 2005
Annual change rate (1000 cubic m/yr)
1990-2000-1,000
2000-2005-1,000
Growing stock per hectare 1990 - 2005
Annual change rate ( cubic m/ha per yr)
1990-2000n.s.
2000-2005n.s.
Wood removal 2005
Industrial roundwood (1000 cubic m)419
Wood fuel (1000 cubic m)514
Total wood removal 2005 (1000 cubic m)933
Total wood removal 2005 (% of growing stock)1
Plant products 2005
Food (t)-
Fodder (t)-
Raw material for medicine and aromatic products (t)-
Raw material for colorants and dyes (t)-
Raw material for utensils, handicrafts & construction (t)-
Ornamental plants (t)-
Exudates (t)-
Other plant products (t)-
Animal products 2005
Living animals (units)-
Hides, skins and trophies (units)-
Wild honey and bee-wax (t)-
Bush meat (t)-
Raw material for medicine and aromatic products (t)-
Raw material for colorants and dyes (t)-
Other edible animal products (t)-
Other non-edible animal products (t)-
Value of wood and non-wood forest product removal 2005
Industrial roundwood (US$)-
Wood fuel (US$)-
Non-wood forest products (US$)-
Total value (US$)-
Total value ($USD/ha)$-
Employment in forestry 2000
Total people employed2,000


Equatorial Guinea : Production, trade and consumption of forest products, 2002
Woodfuel ('000 cubic m), 2002
Production447
Imports-
Exports-
Consumption447
Industrial roundwood ('000 cubic m), 2002
Production364
Imports0
Exports515
Consumption0
Sawnwood ('000 cubic m), 2002
Production4
Imports0
Exports2
Consumption2
Wood-based panels ('000 cubic m), 2002
Production15
Imports0
Exports11
Consumption4
Pulp for paper ('000 metric tons), 2002
Production-
Imports0
Exports-
Consumption0
Paper and paperboard ('000 metric tons), 2002
Production-
Imports0
Exports0
Consumption0
Equatorial Guinea: Environment
Environment - current issuestap water is not potable; deforestation
Environment - international agreementsparty to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Natural hazardsviolent windstorms, flash floods


Equatorial Guinea: Land use / Resources
Land use (%)arable land: 4.63%
permanent crops: 3.57%
other: 91.8% (2001)
Natural resourcespetroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay


Equatorial Guinea: Economy
Economy - overview:The discovery and exploitation of large oil reserves have contributed to dramatic economic growth in recent years. Forestry, farming, and fishing are also major components of GDP. Subsistence farming predominates. Although pre-independence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the neglect of the rural economy under successive regimes has diminished potential for agriculture-led growth (the government has stated its intention to reinvest some oil revenue into agriculture). A number of aid programs sponsored by the World Bank and the IMF have been cut off since 1993 because of corruption and mismanagement. No longer eligible for concessional financing because of large oil revenues, the government has been unsuccessfully trying to agree on a "shadow" fiscal management program with the World Bank and IMF. Businesses, for the most part, are owned by government officials and their family members. Undeveloped natural resources include titanium, iron ore, manganese, uranium, and alluvial gold. Growth remained strong in 2005, led by oil. Equatorial Guinea now has the second highest per capita income in the world, after Luxembourg.
GDP - per capita$50,200 (2005 est.)
GDP - real growth rate (%)18.6% (2005 est.)
Agriculture - productscoffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (tapioca), bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber
GDP - composition by sector (%)agriculture: 2.4%, industry: 95.5%, services: 2.2% (2005 est.)
Industries petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas
Economic aid - recipient$33.8 million (1995)
Debt - external$248 million (2000 est.)
Population below poverty line (%)NA


Equatorial Guinea: Population / Demographics
Population (July 2005)535,881
Population growth rate (%) (2005)2.42%
Population density (people/sq km) (2005)19.1
Percent rural (2003)51.9%
Median age (years)total: 18.83 years
Total fertility rate (children born/woman)4.62 (2005 est.)
Ethnic groups (%)Bioko (primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos), Rio Muni (primarily Fang), Europeans less than 1,000, mostly Spanish


[an error occurred while processing this directive] Equatorial Guinea: Infrastructure
Telephones - main lines in use9,600 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular41,500 (2003)
Roadways (km)total: 2,880 km (1999)


Equatorial Guinea: Health
Life expectancy at birth (years)total population: 49.7 years
male: 48.01 years
female: 51.44 years (2005 est.)
Infant mortality rate85.13 deaths/1,000 live births
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%)3.4% (2001 est.)
Major infectious diseasesdegree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)

Equatorial Guinea : References & Data Sources


 Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
 Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005) and the State of the World�s Forests (2005, 2003, 2001)
 Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
 Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
 RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
 World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
 The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
 Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
 With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com



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