Netherlands Forest Information and Data

According to the U.N. FAO, 10.8% or about 365,000 ha of Netherlands is forested, according to FAO. Netherlands had 365,000 ha of planted forest.

Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Netherlands lost an average of 1,000 ha or 0.29% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Netherlands gained 5.8% of its forest cover, or around 20,000 ha.

Netherlands's forests contain 28 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass. Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Netherlands has some 569 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 1.1% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 3.5% are threatened. Netherlands is home to at least 1221 species of vascular plants. 4.9% of Netherlands is protected under IUCN categories I-V.

The following contains data relating to forest cover in Netherlands

Previous version of this profile (2009)

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Forest Cover | Breakdown of forest types | Change in Forest Cover | Deforestation | Primary forest | Planted forest | Forest designation | Forest ownership | Growing stock | Carbon stock | Disturbances affecting forest land | Removals | Removals Value | Employment | Forest policy | Human resources | Revenue | Agreements | Protected areas | Biodiversity - Wildlife | Biodiversity - Plants | Environment | Land use / Resources | Economy | Population / Demographics | Infrastructure | Health | References | Books

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Netherlands: Forest Cover, 2010 Total Land Area (1000 ha) 3388 Total Forest Area (1000 ha) 365 Percent Forest Cover 11 Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha) 0 Primary Forest, % total forest 0 Other wooded land (1000 ha) 0 Percent other wooded land 0 Netherlands: Breakdown of forest types, 2010 Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) 0 0 Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) 0 0 Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) 365 100 Netherlands: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010 TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha) 1990 2000 2005 2010 345 360 365 365 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 2 1 0 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 0.43 0.28 0 Netherlands: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010 FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha) 1990 2000 2005 2010 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 0 0.0 0.0 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 Netherlands: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010 PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha) 1990 2000 2005 2010 0 0 0 0 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 0 0 0 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 - - - Netherlands: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010 PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha) 1990 2000 2005 2010 345 360 365 365 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 2 1 0 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 0.43 0.28 0.0 Netherlands: Primary designated function (percent) Production Protection of soil and water Conservation of biodiversity Social services Multiple use Other None or unknown 1 0 25 0 74 0 0 Netherlands: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent) OWNERSHIP PATTERN Public ownership Private ownership Other 49 51 0 PRIVATE OWNERSHIP Individuals Business entities and institutions Local, indigenous and tribal communities - - 0 HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS Public administration Individuals Business entities and Institutions Communities Other 100 0 0 0 0 Netherlands: Growing stock in forest GROWING STOCK IN FOREST Total (million m3) Per hectare (m3) Coniferous (million m3) Broadleaved (million m3) % commercial species 70 192 36 34 100 GROWING STOCK IN FOREST Total (million m3) Per hectare (m3) Coniferous (million m3) Broadleaved (million m3) % commercial species 0 - Netherlands: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010 CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS (million metric tons) 1990 2000 2005 2010 21 24 26 28 CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS (per hectare in tons) 2000 76 ANNUAL CHANGE (1 000 t/yr) 1990 2000 2005 2010 n.s. n.s. n.s. ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE (t/ha/yr) 1990 2000 2005 2010 0.7 0.7 1.2 Netherlands: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005 FOREST FIRE 1000 ha % wild fire (not managed burn) n.s. 100 EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE Insects Diseases Other biotic agents Abiotic factors Total (excluding fire) % of 2005 forest area 0 0 0 - 0 0 Netherlands: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005 INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) 1990 2000 2005 percent of which from forest 2005 1363 949 934 100 WOODFUEL Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) 1990 2000 2005 percent of which from forest 2005 154 187 343 100 Netherlands: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005 Value of removals (million US$) Value per ha forest (US$) Industrial roundwood Woodfuel NWFP Total 36 9 - - - Netherlands: Employment in forestry 1990-2005 TOTAL (1000 full-time employees) 1990 2000 2005 - - - IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY (1000 full-time employees) 1990 2000 2005 - - - IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION (1000 full-time employees) 1990 2000 2005 - - - Netherlands: Forest policy and legal framework 2008 National forest policy (year): Yes (2001) Sub-national forest policy: Yes National forest program (year) - status: Yes (2005) In formulation National forest law (year): Specific forest law (1962) Sub-national forest law: No Netherlands: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008 2000 2005 2008 # % female # % female # % female 1000 - 1000 20 970 22 Netherlands: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005 Forest revenue Public expenditure (1000 US$) Domestic funding External funding Total (1000 US$) Operational expenditure Transfer payments Operational expenditure Transfer payments Operational expenditure Transfer payments - 105042 23770 - - - - Netherlands: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010 CbD: UNFCCC: Kyoto Protocol: UNCCD: ITTA: CITeS: Ramsar: World Heritage Convention: NlbI: [an error occurred while processing this directive] Netherlands: Environment Environment - current issues water pollution in the form of heavy metals, organic compounds, and nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates; air pollution from vehicles and refining activities; acid rain Environment - international agreements party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Kyoto Protocol, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling Natural hazards flooding Netherlands: Land use / Resources Land use (%) arable land: 26.71% permanent crops: 0.97% other: 72.32% (2001) Natural resources natural gas, petroleum, peat, limestone, salt, sand and gravel, arable land Netherlands: Economy Economy - overview: The Netherlands has a prosperous and open economy, which depends heavily on foreign trade. The economy is noted for stable industrial relations, moderate unemployment and inflation, a sizable current account surplus, and an important role as a European transportation hub. Industrial activity is predominantly in food processing, chemicals, petroleum refining, and electrical machinery. A highly mechanized agricultural sector employs no more than 4% of the labor force but provides large surpluses for the food-processing industry and for exports. The Netherlands, along with 11 of its EU partners, began circulating the euro currency on 1 January 2002. The country continues to be one of the leading European nations for attracting foreign direct investment. Economic growth slowed considerably in 2001-05, as part of the global economic slowdown, but for the four years before that, annual growth averaged nearly 4%, well above the EU average. GDP - per capita $30,500 (2005 est.) GDP - real growth rate (%) 0.6% (2005 est.) Agriculture - products grains, potatoes, sugar beets, fruits, vegetables; livestock GDP - composition by sector (%) agriculture: 2.1%, industry: 24.4%, services: 73.5% (2005 est.) Industries agroindustries, metal and engineering products, electrical machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum, construction, microelectronics, fishing Population below poverty line (%) NA Debt - external $1.645 trillion (30 June 2005) Labor force - by occupation (%) agriculture 4%, industry 23%, services 73% (1998 est.) Netherlands: Population / Demographics Population (July 2005) 16,407,491 Population growth rate (%) (2005) 0.53% Population density (people/sq km) (2005) 484.2 Percent rural (2003) 34.2% Median age (years) total: 39.04 years Total fertility rate (children born/woman) 1.66 (2005 est.) Ethnic groups (%) Dutch 83%, other 17% (of which 9% are non-Western origin mainly Turks, Moroccans, Antilleans, Surinamese, and Indonesians) (1999 est.) Largest Cities in Netherlands Cities and urban areas in Netherlands with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002. City Country City Population Urban Area Population Amsterdam Netherlands 719500 1536300 Rotterdam Netherlands 589100 1133200 sGravenhage Netherlands 444400 699300 Utrecht Netherlands 232800 610800 Eindhoven Netherlands 201300 201300 Tilburg Netherlands 193400 193400 Groningen Netherlands 168500 168500 Breda Netherlands 160000 160000 Apeldoorn Netherlands 155600 155600 Nijmegen Netherlands 154800 154800 Enschede Netherlands 149600 149600 Almere Netherlands 148600 148600 Haarlem Netherlands 148000 148000 Arnhem Netherlands 138500 138500 Zaanstad Netherlands 136800 136800 sHertogenbosch Netherlands 131500 131500 Amersfoort Netherlands 128100 128100 Maastricht Netherlands 123000 123000 Dordrecht Netherlands 122600 122600 Leiden Netherlands 119500 119500 Haarlemmermeer Netherlands 114400 114400 Zoetermeer Netherlands 111900 111900 Emmen Netherlands 106100 106100 Zwolle Netherlands 105400 105400 Ede Netherlands 104200 104200 Netherlands: Infrastructure Telephones - main lines in use 10.004 million (2002) Telephones - mobile cellular 12.5 million (2003) Roadways (km) total: 116,500 km paved: 104,850 km (including 2,235 km of expressways) unpaved: 11,650 km (1999) Netherlands: Health Life expectancy at birth (years) total population: 78.81 years male: 76.25 years female: 81.51 years (2005 est.) Infant mortality rate 5.04 deaths/1,000 live births HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) 0.2% (2001 est.) Netherlands : References & Data Sources  Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005  Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)  Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.  Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.  RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.  World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site  The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species  Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund  With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com Select a Country or Region INDEX Afghanistan Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Caribbean Cayman Islands Central African Republic Central America Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Cote d�Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic DR Congo East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Falkland Islands Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Greenland Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jersey Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Laos Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macau Macedonia Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Mexico Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montserrat Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands Netherlands Antilles New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria North Korea Norway Oceania Oman Pakistan Palau Palestine Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Pitcairn Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Reunion Romania Russia Russian Federation Rwanda Saint Helena Saint Lucia Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia and Montenegro Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Korea Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tokelau Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Turks and Caicos Islands Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States United States of America United States Virgin Islands Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Viet Nam Vietnam Virgin Islands Western Sahara Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Tropical rainforest information  World Rainforests  Rainforest Structure  Rainforest Biodiversity  Canopy  Forest Floor  Rainforest Waters  Indigenous People  Deforestation  Global Importance  Rainforest Conservation  Country Reports update soon  References  Deforestation Tables  The Amazon Rainforest update soon  The Congo Rainforest update soon  Deforestation in Brazil  Rainforest Images   Web mongabay.com Mongabay Rainforests Mongabay News Mongabay Photos