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Tajikistan
Forest Information and Data
According to the U.N. FAO,
2.9% or about 410,000 ha of Tajikistan is forested, according to FAO. Of this 72.4% ( 297,000 ) is classified as primary forest, the most biodiverse and carbon-dense form of forest. Tajikistan had 101,000 ha of planted forest.
Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Tajikistan lost an average of 100 ha or 0.02% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Tajikistan gained 0.5% of its forest cover, or around 2,000 ha.
Tajikistan's forests contain 3 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass.
Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Tajikistan has some 485 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 0.8% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 3.5% are threatened. Tajikistan is home to at least 5000 species of vascular plants. 18.3% of Tajikistan is protected under IUCN categories I-V.
The following contains data relating to forest cover in Tajikistan
Previous version of this profile (2009)
SECTIONS:
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Tajikistan: Forest Cover, 2010
| Total Land Area (1000 ha) | 13996 |
| Total Forest Area (1000 ha) | 410 |
| Percent Forest Cover | 3 |
| Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha) | 297 |
| Primary Forest, % total forest | 72 |
| Other wooded land (1000 ha) | 142 |
| Percent other wooded land | 1 |
Tajikistan: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
| Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 297 | 72 |
| Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 12 | 3 |
| Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 101 | 25 |
Tajikistan: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 408 | 410 | 410 | 410 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| n.s. | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 0.05 | 0 | 0 | |
Tajikistan: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
| FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 309 | 309 | 309 | 309 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 0.0 | 0 | 0
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Tajikistan: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 297 | 297 | 297 | 297 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Tajikistan: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 99 | 101 | 101 | 101 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| n.s. | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 0.20 | 0 | 0 | |
Tajikistan: Primary designated function (percent)
| Production | Protection of soil and water | Conservation of biodiversity | Social services | Multiple use | Other | None or unknown |
| 5 | 11 | 84 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Tajikistan: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
| OWNERSHIP PATTERN |
| Public ownership | Private ownership | Other |
| 88 | 0 | 12 |
| PRIVATE OWNERSHIP |
| Individuals | Business entities and institutions | Local, indigenous and tribal communities |
| - | - | - |
| HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS |
| Public administration | Individuals | Business
entities and Institutions | Communities | Other |
| 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Tajikistan: Growing stock in forest
| GROWING STOCK IN FOREST |
Total
(million m3) | Per hectare
(m3) | Coniferous
(million m3) | Broadleaved
(million m3) | % commercial species |
| 5 | 13 | - | - | 0 |
| GROWING STOCK IN FOREST |
| Total (million m3) | Per hectare (m3) | Coniferous (million m3) | Broadleaved (million m3) | % commercial species |
| 1 | 4 | | | |
Tajikistan: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(million metric tons) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(per hectare in tons) |
| | | 2000 |
| | | 7 |
ANNUAL CHANGE
(1 000 t/yr) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| n.s. | 0 | 0 |
ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE
(t/ha/yr) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| n.s. | 0 | 0 |
Tajikistan: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005
| FOREST FIRE |
| 1000 ha | % wild fire (not managed burn) |
| 1 | 100 |
| EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE |
| Insects | Diseases | Other biotic agents | Abiotic factors | Total (excluding fire) | % of 2005 forest area |
| 20 | 4 | - | - | 24 | 6 |
Tajikistan: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005
INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | percent of which from forest 2005 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
WOODFUEL
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | percent of which from forest 2005 |
| 6 | 7 | 7 | 100 |
Tajikistan: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005
Value of removals
(million US$) | Value per ha forest
(US$) |
| Industrial roundwood | Woodfuel | NWFP | Total | |
| - | n.s. | n.s. | - | - |
Tajikistan: Employment in forestry 1990-2005
TOTAL
(1000 full-time employees) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
| 4 | 5 | 6 |
IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY
(1000 full-time employees) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
| 4 | 5 | 6 |
IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION
(1000 full-time employees) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
| n.s. | n.s. | n.s. |
Tajikistan: Forest policy and legal framework 2008
National forest policy (year): Yes (2000)
Sub-national forest policy: No
National forest program (year) - status: Yes (2008) In formulation
National forest law (year): Specific forest law (1993)
Sub-national forest law: No
Tajikistan: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008
| 2000 | 2005 | 2008 |
| # | % female | # | % female | # | % female |
| 850 | 20 | 974 | 19 | 1002 | 23 |
Tajikistan: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005
| Forest revenue | Public expenditure (1000 US$) |
| Domestic funding | External funding | Total |
| (1000 US$) | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments |
| 1476 | 706 | 1283 | 0 | 0 | 706 | 1283
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Tajikistan: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010
CbD:
UNFCCC:
Kyoto Protocol:
UNCCD:
ITTA:
CITeS:
Ramsar:
World Heritage Convention:
NlbI:
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Tajikistan: Environment
| Environment - current issues | inadequate sanitation facilities; increasing levels of soil salinity; industrial pollution; excessive pesticides | | Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | | Natural hazards | earthquakes and floods |
Tajikistan: Land use / Resources
| Land use (%) | arable land: 6.61%
permanent crops: 0.92%
other: 92.47% (2001) | | Natural resources | hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold |
Tajikistan: Economy
| Economy - overview: | Tajikistan has one of the lowest per capita GDPs among the 15 former Soviet republics. Only 5% to 6% of the land area is arable. Cotton is the most important crop. Mineral resources, varied but limited in amount, include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry consists only of a large aluminum plant, hydropower facilities, and small obsolete factories mostly in light industry and food processing. The civil war (1992-97) severely damaged the already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production. Even though 60% of its people continue to live in abject poverty, Tajikistan has experienced steady economic growth since 1997. Continued privatization of medium and large state-owned enterprises would further increase productivity. Tajikistan's economic situation, however, remains fragile due to uneven implementation of structural reforms, weak governance, widespread unemployment, and the external debt burden. A debt restructuring agreement was reached with Russia in December 2002, including an interest rate of 4%, a 3-year grace period, and a US $49.8 million credit to the Central Bank of Tajikistan. Tajikistan ranks third in the world in terms of water resources per head. A proposed investment to finish the hydropower dams Rogun and Sangtuda would substantially add to electricity production. If finished, Rogun will be the world's tallest dam. | | GDP - per capita | $1,200 (2005 est.) | | GDP - real growth rate (%) | 8% (2005 est.) | | Agriculture - products | cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats | | GDP - composition by sector (%) | agriculture: 24%, industry: 28.4%, services: 47.7% (2005 est.) | | Industries | aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers | | Economic aid - recipient | $60.7 million from US (2001) | | Debt - external | $888 million (2004 est.) | | Population below poverty line (%) | 60% (2004 est.) | | Labor force - by occupation (%) | agriculture 67.2%, industry 7.5%, services 25.3% (2000 est.) |
Tajikistan: Population / Demographics
| Population (July 2005) | 7,163,506 | | Population growth rate (%) (2005) | 2.15% | | Population density (people/sq km) (2005) | 50.2 | | Percent rural (2003) | 75.3% | | Median age (years) | total: 19.73 years | | Total fertility rate (children born/woman) | 4.05 (2005 est.) | | Ethnic groups (%) | Tajik 79.9%, Uzbek 15.3%, Russian 1.1%, Kyrgyz 1.1%, other 2.6% (2000 census) |
Largest Cities in Tajikistan
Cities and urban areas in Tajikistan with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.
| City | Country | City Population | Urban Area Population |
| Dushanbe | Tajikistan | 580800 | 804700 |
| Khujand | Tajikistan | 154000 | 154000 |
Tajikistan: Infrastructure
| Telephones - main lines in use | 242,100 (2003) | | Telephones - mobile cellular | 47,600 (2003) | | Roadways (km) | total: 27,767 km
paved: NA
unpaved: NA (2000) |
Tajikistan: Health
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | total population: 64.56 years
male: 61.68 years
female: 67.59 years (2005 est.) | | Infant mortality rate | 110.76 deaths/1,000 live births | | HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) | less than 0.1% (2001 est.) |
Tajikistan
: References & Data Sources
 Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com
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