TROPICAL RAINFORESTS: Deforestation rates tables and charts

United Kingdom Forest Information and Data

According to the U.N. FAO, 11.9% or about 2,881,000 ha of United Kingdom is forested, according to FAO. United Kingdom had 2,219,000 ha of planted forest.

Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, United Kingdom lost an average of 13,500 ha or 0.52% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, United Kingdom gained 10.3% of its forest cover, or around 270,000 ha.

United Kingdom's forests contain 136 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass. Biodiversity and Protected Areas: United Kingdom has some 688 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 1.7% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 2.9% are threatened. United Kingdom is home to at least 1623 species of vascular plants, of which 1.0% are endemic. 15.3% of United Kingdom is protected under IUCN categories I-V.

The following contains data relating to forest cover in United Kingdom

Previous version of this profile (2009)

SECTIONS:

Forest Cover | Breakdown of forest types | Change in Forest Cover | Deforestation | Primary forest | Planted forest | Forest designation | Forest ownership | Growing stock | Carbon stock | Disturbances affecting forest land | Removals | Removals Value | Employment | Forest policy | Human resources | Revenue | Agreements | Protected areas | Biodiversity - Wildlife | Biodiversity - Plants | Environment | Land use / Resources | Economy | Population / Demographics | Infrastructure | Health | References | Books










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United Kingdom: Forest Cover, 2010
Total Land Area (1000 ha)24250
Total Forest Area (1000 ha)2881
Percent Forest Cover12
Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha)0
Primary Forest, % total forest0
Other wooded land (1000 ha)20
Percent other wooded landn.s.




United Kingdom: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)00
Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)66223
Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)221977


United Kingdom: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
2611279328452881
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
18107
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
0.680.370.25


United Kingdom: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
646648656662
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
001
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
0.00.030.22


United Kingdom: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
0000
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
000
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
---


United Kingdom: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
1965214521892219
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
1896
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
0.880.410.27


United Kingdom: Primary designated function (percent)
ProductionProtection of soil and waterConservation of biodiversitySocial servicesMultiple useOtherNone or unknown
32n.s.545504


United Kingdom: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
OWNERSHIP PATTERN
Public ownershipPrivate ownershipOther
35650


PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
IndividualsBusiness entities and institutionsLocal, indigenous and tribal communities
7624n.s.


HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS
Public administrationIndividualsBusiness entities and InstitutionsCommunitiesOther
1000000
United Kingdom: Growing stock in forest
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST
Total
(million m3)
Per hectare
(m3)
Coniferous
(million m3)
Broadleaved
(million m3)
% commercial species
37913228198100
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST
Total (million m3)Per hectare (m3)Coniferous (million m3)Broadleaved (million m3)% commercial species
150


United Kingdom: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(million metric tons)
1990200020052010
120119128136
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(per hectare in tons)
2000
47
ANNUAL CHANGE
(1 000 t/yr)
1990200020052010
n.s.22
ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE
(t/ha/yr)
1990200020052010
n.s.n.s.n.s.


United Kingdom: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005
FOREST FIRE
1000 ha% wild fire (not managed burn)
1100


EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE
InsectsDiseasesOther biotic agentsAbiotic factorsTotal (excluding fire)% of 2005 forest area
103610n.s.


United Kingdom: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005
INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark)
199020002005percent of which from forest 2005
690184529149100
WOODFUEL
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark)
199020002005percent of which from forest 2005
256259352100


United Kingdom: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005
Value of removals
(million US$)
Value per ha forest
(US$)
Industrial roundwoodWoodfuelNWFPTotal
3679111487n.s.


United Kingdom: Employment in forestry 1990-2005
TOTAL
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
201110
IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
1898
IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
222


United Kingdom: Forest policy and legal framework 2008
National forest policy (year): No (-)
Sub-national forest policy: Yes
National forest program (year) - status: Yes (2003) Under revision
National forest law (year): Specific forest law (1967) Sub-national forest law: No

United Kingdom: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008
200020052008
#% female#% female#% female
56944134433135035


United Kingdom: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005
Forest revenuePublic expenditure (1000 US$)
Domestic fundingExternal fundingTotal
(1000 US$)Operational expenditureTransfer paymentsOperational expenditureTransfer paymentsOperational expenditureTransfer payments
02094556509136362218221309287273


United Kingdom: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010
  • CbD:
  • UNFCCC:
  • Kyoto Protocol:
  • UNCCD:
  • ITTA:
  • CITeS:
  • Ramsar:
  • World Heritage Convention:
  • NlbI: [an error occurred while processing this directive] United Kingdom: Environment
    Environment - current issuescontinues to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (has met Kyoto Protocol target of a 12.5% reduction from 1990 levels and intends to meet the legally binding target and move towards a domestic goal of a 20% cut in emissions by 2010); by 2005 the government aims to reduce the amount of industrial and commercial waste disposed of in landfill sites to 85% of 1998 levels and to recycle or compost at least 25% of household waste, increasing to 33% by 2015; between 1998-99 and 1999-2000, household recycling increased from 8.8% to 10.3%
    Environment - international agreementsparty to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
    signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants
    Natural hazardswinter windstorms; floods


    United Kingdom: Land use / Resources
    Land use (%)arable land: 23.46%
    permanent crops: 0.21%
    other: 76.33% (2001)
    Natural resourcescoal, petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, lead, zinc, gold, tin, limestone, salt, clay, chalk, gypsum, potash, silica sand, slate, arable land


    United Kingdom: Economy
    Economy - overview:The UK, a leading trading power and financial center, is one of the quintet of trillion dollar economies of Western Europe. Over the past two decades the government has greatly reduced public ownership and contained the growth of social welfare programs. Agriculture is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with less than 2% of the labor force. The UK has large coal, natural gas, and oil reserves; primary energy production accounts for 10% of GDP, one of the highest shares of any industrial nation. Services, particularly banking, insurance, and business services, account by far for the largest proportion of GDP while industry continues to decline in importance. GDP growth slipped in 2001-03 as the global downturn, the high value of the pound, and the bursting of the "new economy" bubble hurt manufacturing and exports. Output recovered in 2004, to 3.2% growth, but fell in 2005, to 1.8%. Despite slower growth, the economy is one of the strongest in Europe; inflation, interest rates, and unemployment remain low. The relatively good economic performance has complicated the BLAIR government's efforts to make a case for Britain to join the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). Critics point out that the economy is doing well outside of EMU, and they cite public opinion polls that continue to show a majority of Britons opposed to the euro. Meantime, the government has been speeding up the improvement of education, transport, and health services, at a cost in higher taxes and a widening public deficit.
    GDP - per capita$30,900 (2005 est.)
    GDP - real growth rate (%)1.8% (2005 est.)
    Agriculture - productscereals, oilseed, potatoes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, poultry; fish
    GDP - composition by sector (%)agriculture: 1.1%, industry: 26%, services: 72.9% (2005 est.)
    Industries machine tools, electric power equipment, automation equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, electronics and communications equipment, metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum, paper and paper products, food processing, textiles, clothing, and other consumer goods
    Population below poverty line (%)17% (2002 est.)
    Debt - external$7.107 trillion (30 June 2005)
    Labor force - by occupation (%)agriculture 1.5%, industry 19.1%, services 79.5% (2004)


    United Kingdom: Population / Demographics
    Population (July 2005)60,441,457
    Population growth rate (%) (2005)0.28%
    Population density (people/sq km) (2005)250.2
    Percent rural (2003)10.9%
    Median age (years)total: 38.99 years
    Total fertility rate (children born/woman)1.66 (2005 est.)
    Ethnic groups (%)white (English 83.6%, Scottish 8.6%, Welsh 4.9%, Northern Irish 2.9%) 92.1%, black 2%, Indian 1.8%, Pakistani 1.3%, mixed 1.2%, other 1.6% (2001 census)


    Largest Cities in United Kingdom

    Cities and urban areas in United Kingdom with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.

    CityCountryCity PopulationUrban Area Population
    LondonUnited Kingdom739380011230500
    BirminghamUnited Kingdom9859003202800
    GlasgowUnited Kingdom6094001086200
    LiverpoolUnited Kingdom4666003630100
    SheffieldUnited Kingdom4218001104900
    LeedsUnited Kingdom4203001498500
    BristolUnited Kingdom409300614800
    ManchesterUnited Kingdom394300394300
    EdinburghUnited Kingdom380500665600
    LeicesterUnited Kingdom319100319100
    Kingston upon HullUnited Kingdom309100309100
    CoventryUnited Kingdom295000411200
    BradfordUnited Kingdom290400290400
    CardiffUnited Kingdom279500677700
    NottinghamUnited Kingdom271400632300
    Stoke-on-TrentUnited Kingdom266700266700
    WolverhamptonUnited Kingdom258100258100
    BelfastUnited Kingdom255100489500
    PlymouthUnited Kingdom249900249900
    DerbyUnited Kingdom227900227900
    ReadingUnited Kingdom222700222700
    SouthamptonUnited Kingdom211500733600
    AberdeenUnited Kingdom188300188300
    Newcastle upon TyneUnited Kingdom1872001147200
    PrestonUnited Kingdom183400183400
    SunderlandUnited Kingdom180700180700
    LutonUnited Kingdom179700179700
    PortsmouthUnited Kingdom176300176300
    NorwichUnited Kingdom173300173300
    SwanseaUnited Kingdom170500170500
    BournemouthUnited Kingdom161800161800
    Southend-on-SeaUnited Kingdom160900160900
    SwindonUnited Kingdom153700153700
    DundeeUnited Kingdom148500148500
    BlackpoolUnited Kingdom147500147500
    PooleUnited Kingdom146000146000
    MiddlesbroughUnited Kingdom144800692500
    PeterboroughUnited Kingdom144800144800
    HuddersfieldUnited Kingdom143500143500
    BoltonUnited Kingdom138400138400
    StockportUnited Kingdom133000133000
    IpswichUnited Kingdom131400131400
    YorkUnited Kingdom126200126200
    BrightonUnited Kingdom122500122500
    RotherhamUnited Kingdom122000122000
    OxfordUnited Kingdom121700121700
    GloucesterUnited Kingdom117900117900
    NewportUnited Kingdom115400115400
    WatfordUnited Kingdom115400115400
    SloughUnited Kingdom113300113300
    BlackburnUnited Kingdom105600105600
    BasildonUnited Kingdom104600104600
    Saint HelensUnited Kingdom104400104400
    NorthamptonUnited Kingdom104100104100
    OldhamUnited Kingdom103700103700
    Woking-ByfleetUnited Kingdom102800102800
    ChelmsfordUnited Kingdom100700100700
    ColchesterUnited Kingdom100300100300


    United Kingdom: Infrastructure
    Telephones - main lines in use34.898 million (2002)
    Telephones - mobile cellular49.677 million (2002)
    Roadways (km)total: 392,931 km
    paved: 392,931 km (including 3,431 km of expressways)
    unpaved: 0 km (2003)


    United Kingdom: Health
    Life expectancy at birth (years)total population: 78.38 years
    male: 75.94 years
    female: 80.96 years (2005 est.)
    Infant mortality rate5.16 deaths/1,000 live births
    HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%)0.2% (2001 est.)

    United Kingdom : References & Data Sources
     Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
     Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
     Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
     Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
     RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
     World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
     The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
     Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
     With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com



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