|
Haiti
Forest Information and Data
According to the U.N. FAO,
3.7% or about 101,000 ha of Haiti is forested, according to FAO. Haiti had 28,000 ha of planted forest.
Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Haiti lost an average of 750 ha or 0.65% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Haiti lost 12.9% of its forest cover, or around 15,000 ha.
Haiti's forests contain 5 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass.
Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Haiti has some 474 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 16.2% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 15.6% are threatened. Haiti is home to at least 5242 species of vascular plants, of which 31.0% are endemic. 0.3% of Haiti is protected under IUCN categories I-V.
The following contains data relating to forest cover in Haiti
Previous version of this profile (2009)
SECTIONS:
|
|
Haiti: Forest Cover, 2010
| Total Land Area (1000 ha) | 2756 |
| Total Forest Area (1000 ha) | 101 |
| Percent Forest Cover | 4 |
| Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha) | 0 |
| Primary Forest, % total forest | 0 |
| Other wooded land (1000 ha) | 0 |
| Percent other wooded land | 0 |
Haiti: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
| Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 0 | 0 |
| Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 73 | 72 |
| Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 28 | 28 |
Haiti: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 116 | 109 | 105 | 101 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| -1 | -1 | -1 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| -0.62 | -0.74 | -0.77 | |
Haiti: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
| FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 104 | 89 | 81 | 73 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| -2 | -2 | -2 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| -1.4 | -1.44 | -1.8
| |
Haiti: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | - | - | |
Haiti: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 12 | 20 | 24 | 28 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 5.24 | 3.71 | 3.13 | |
Haiti: Primary designated function (percent)
| Production | Protection of soil and water | Conservation of biodiversity | Social services | Multiple use | Other | None or unknown |
| 54 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 |
Haiti: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
| OWNERSHIP PATTERN |
| Public ownership | Private ownership | Other |
| 100 | 0 | 0 |
| PRIVATE OWNERSHIP |
| Individuals | Business entities and institutions | Local, indigenous and tribal communities |
| - | - | - |
| HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS |
| Public administration | Individuals | Business
entities and Institutions | Communities | Other |
| 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Haiti: Growing stock in forest
| GROWING STOCK IN FOREST |
Total
(million m3) | Per hectare
(m3) | Coniferous
(million m3) | Broadleaved
(million m3) | % commercial species |
| 7 | 65 | 2 | 5 | - |
| GROWING STOCK IN FOREST |
| Total (million m3) | Per hectare (m3) | Coniferous (million m3) | Broadleaved (million m3) | % commercial species |
| - | - | | | |
Haiti: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(million metric tons) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(per hectare in tons) |
| | | 2000 |
| | | 54 |
ANNUAL CHANGE
(1 000 t/yr) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| n.s. | n.s. | n.s. |
ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE
(t/ha/yr) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| n.s. | n.s. | n.s. |
Haiti: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005
| FOREST FIRE |
| 1000 ha | % wild fire (not managed burn) |
| - | - |
| EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE |
| Insects | Diseases | Other biotic agents | Abiotic factors | Total (excluding fire) | % of 2005 forest area |
| - | - | - | - | - | - |
Haiti: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005
INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | percent of which from forest 2005 |
| 275 | 275 | 275 | 100 |
WOODFUEL
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | percent of which from forest 2005 |
| 1890 | 2257 | 2300 | 100 |
Haiti: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005
Value of removals
(million US$) | Value per ha forest
(US$) |
| Industrial roundwood | Woodfuel | NWFP | Total | |
| - | - | - | - | - |
Haiti: Employment in forestry 1990-2005
TOTAL
(1000 full-time employees) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
| - | - | - |
IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY
(1000 full-time employees) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
| - | - | - |
IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION
(1000 full-time employees) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
| - | - | - |
Haiti: Forest policy and legal framework 2008
National forest policy (year): No (-)
Sub-national forest policy: No
National forest program (year) - status: Yes (-) In formulation
National forest law (year): Specific forest law (1926)
Sub-national forest law: No
Haiti: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008
| 2000 | 2005 | 2008 |
| # | % female | # | % female | # | % female |
| - | - | - | - | 20 | 10 |
Haiti: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005
| Forest revenue | Public expenditure (1000 US$) |
| Domestic funding | External funding | Total |
| (1000 US$) | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | -
|
Haiti: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010
CbD:
UNFCCC:
Kyoto Protocol:
UNCCD:
ITTA:
CITeS:
Ramsar:
World Heritage Convention:
NlbI:
[an error occurred while processing this directive]
Haiti: Environment
| Environment - current issues | extensive deforestation (much of the remaining forested land is being cleared for agriculture and used as fuel); soil erosion; inadequate supplies of potable water | | Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: Hazardous Wastes | | Natural hazards | lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic droughts |
Haiti: Land use / Resources
| Land use (%) | arable land: 28.3%
permanent crops: 11.61%
other: 60.09% (2001) | | Natural resources | bauxite, copper, calcium carbonate, gold, marble, hydropower |
Haiti: Economy
| Economy - overview: | In this poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, 80% of the population lives in abject poverty, and natural disasters frequently sweep the nation. Two-thirds of all Haitians depend on the agriculture sector, which consists mainly of small-scale subsistence farming. Following legislative elections in May 2000, fraught with irregularities, international donors - including the US and EU - suspended almost all aid to Haiti. The economy grew 3.5% in 2005. Suspended aid and loan disbursements totaled more than $500 million at the start of 2003. Haiti suffers from rampant inflation, a lack of investment, and a severe trade deficit. Civil strife in 2004 combined with extensive damage from flooding in southern Haiti in May 2004 and Tropical Storm Jeanne in northwestern Haiti in September 2004 further impoverished Haiti. In early 2005 Haiti paid its arrears to the World Bank, paving the way to reengagement with the Bank. The resumption of aid flows from all donors is alleviating but not ending the nation's bitter economic problems. | | GDP - per capita | $1,600 (2005 est.) | | GDP - real growth rate (%) | 3.5% (2005 est.) | | Agriculture - products | coffee, mangoes, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum, wood | | GDP - composition by sector (%) | agriculture: 30%, industry: 20%, services: 50% (2001 est.) | | Industries | sugar refining, flour milling, textiles, cement, light assembly industries based on imported parts | | Economic aid - recipient | $150 million (FY04 est.) | | Debt - external | $1.3 billion (2005 est.) | | Population below poverty line (%) | 80% (2003 est.) | | Labor force - by occupation (%) | agriculture 66%, industry 9%, services 25% |
Haiti: Population / Demographics
| Population (July 2005) | 8,121,622 | | Population growth rate (%) (2005) | 2.26% | | Population density (people/sq km) (2005) | 294.7 | | Percent rural (2003) | 62.5% | | Median age (years) | total: 18.03 years | | Total fertility rate (children born/woman) | 5.02 (2005 est.) | | Ethnic groups (%) | black 95%, mulatto and white 5% |
Largest Cities in Haiti
Cities and urban areas in Haiti with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.
| City | Country | City Population | Urban Area Population |
| Port-au-Prince | Haiti | 1082800 | 1728100 |
| Cap-Haitien | Haiti | 122700 | 122700 |
Haiti: Infrastructure
| Telephones - main lines in use | 130,000 (2002) | | Telephones - mobile cellular | 140,000 (2002) | | Roadways (km) | total: 4,160 km
paved: 1,011 km
unpaved: 3,149 km (1999) |
Haiti: Health
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | total population: 52.92 years
male: 51.58 years
female: 54.31 years (2005 est.) | | Infant mortality rate | 73.45 deaths/1,000 live births | | HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) | 5.6% (2003 est.) |
Haiti
: References & Data Sources
 Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com
|
|
|
|
