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Puerto Rico
Forest Information and Data
According to the U.N. FAO,
62.2% or about 552,000 ha of Puerto Rico is forested, according to FAO.
Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Puerto Rico lost an average of 13,250 ha or 4.62% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Puerto Rico gained 92.3% of its forest cover, or around 265,000 ha.
Puerto Rico's forests contain 28 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass.
Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Puerto Rico has some 437 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 15.8% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 8.0% are threatened. Puerto Rico is home to at least 2493 species of vascular plants, of which 9.4% are endemic. 0.0% of Puerto Rico is protected under IUCN categories I-V.
The following contains data relating to forest cover in Puerto Rico
Previous version of this profile (2009)
SECTIONS:
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Puerto Rico: Forest Cover, 2010
Total Land Area (1000 ha) | 887 |
Total Forest Area (1000 ha) | 552 |
Percent Forest Cover | 62 |
Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha) | 0 |
Primary Forest, % total forest | 0 |
Other wooded land (1000 ha) | 0 |
Percent other wooded land | 0 |
Puerto Rico: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 0 | 0 |
Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 552 | 100 |
Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 0 | 0 |
Puerto Rico: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
287 | 464 | 508 | 552 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 18 | 9 | 9 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 4.92 | 1.83 | 1.68 | |
Puerto Rico: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
287 | 464 | 508 | 552 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 18 | 18 | 9 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 6.2 | 6.17 | 1.90
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Puerto Rico: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | - | - | |
Puerto Rico: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | - | - | |
Puerto Rico: Primary designated function (percent)
Production | Protection of soil and water | Conservation of biodiversity | Social services | Multiple use | Other | None or unknown |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Puerto Rico: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
OWNERSHIP PATTERN |
Public ownership | Private ownership | Other |
- | - | - |
PRIVATE OWNERSHIP |
Individuals | Business entities and institutions | Local, indigenous and tribal communities |
- | - | - |
HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS |
Public administration | Individuals | Business
entities and Institutions | Communities | Other |
- | - | - | - | - |
Puerto Rico: Growing stock in forest
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST |
Total (million m3) | Per hectare (m3) | Coniferous (million m3) | Broadleaved (million m3) | % commercial species |
19 | 35 | 0 | 19 | - |
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST |
Total (million m3) | Per hectare (m3) | Coniferous (million m3) | Broadleaved (million m3) | % commercial species |
- | - | | | |
Puerto Rico: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS (million metric tons) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
14 | 23 | 26 | 28 |
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS (per hectare in tons) |
| | | 2000 |
| | | 51 |
ANNUAL CHANGE (1 000 t/yr) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 1 | n.s. | n.s. |
ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE (t/ha/yr) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| n.s. | n.s. | n.s. |
Puerto Rico: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005
FOREST FIRE |
1000 ha | % wild fire (not managed burn) |
- | - |
EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE |
Insects | Diseases | Other biotic agents | Abiotic factors | Total (excluding fire) | % of 2005 forest area |
- | - | - | - | - | - |
Puerto Rico: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005
INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | percent of which from forest 2005 |
- | - | - | - |
WOODFUEL Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | percent of which from forest 2005 |
- | - | - | - |
Puerto Rico: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005
Value of removals (million US$) | Value per ha forest (US$) |
Industrial roundwood | Woodfuel | NWFP | Total | |
- | - | - | - | - |
Puerto Rico: Employment in forestry 1990-2005
TOTAL (1000 full-time employees) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
- | - | - |
IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY (1000 full-time employees) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
- | - | - |
IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION (1000 full-time employees) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
- | - | - |
Puerto Rico: Forest policy and legal framework 2008
National forest policy (year): - (-)
Sub-national forest policy: -
National forest program (year) - status: - (-) -
National forest law (year): - (-)
Sub-national forest law: -
Puerto Rico: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008
2000 | 2005 | 2008 |
# | % female | # | % female | # | % female |
- | - | - | - | - | - |
Puerto Rico: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005
Forest revenue | Public expenditure (1000 US$) |
| Domestic funding | External funding | Total |
(1000 US$) | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments |
- | - | - | - | - | - | -
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Puerto Rico: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010
CbD:
UNFCCC:
Kyoto Protocol:
UNCCD:
ITTA:
CITeS:
Ramsar:
World Heritage Convention:
NlbI:
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Puerto Rico: Environment
Environment - current issues | erosion; occasional drought causing water shortages | Environment - international agreements | periodic droughts; hurricanes |
Puerto Rico: Land use / Resources
Land use (%) | arable land: 3.95% permanent crops: 5.52% other: 90.53% (2001) | Natural resources | some copper and nickel; potential for onshore and offshore oil |
Puerto Rico: Economy
Economy - overview: | Puerto Rico has one of the most dynamic economies in the Caribbean region. A diverse industrial sector has far surpassed agriculture as the primary locus of economic activity and income. Encouraged by duty-free access to the US and by tax incentives, US firms have invested heavily in Puerto Rico since the 1950s. US minimum wage laws apply. Sugar production has lost out to dairy production and other livestock products as the main source of income in the agricultural sector. Tourism has traditionally been an important source of income, with estimated arrivals of nearly 5 million tourists in 1999. Growth fell off in 2001-03, largely due to the slowdown in the US economy, and has recovered in 2004-2005. | GDP - per capita | $18,500 (2005 est.) | GDP - real growth rate (%) | 2.5% (2005 est.) | Agriculture - products | sugarcane, coffee, pineapples, plantains, bananas, livestock products, chickens | GDP - composition by sector (%) | agriculture: 1%, industry: 45%, services: 54% (2002 est.) | Industries | pharmaceuticals, electronics, apparel, food products, tourism | Economic aid - recipient | NA (2001) | Debt - external | NA | Population below poverty line (%) | NA | Labor force - by occupation (%) | agriculture 3%, industry 20%, services 77% (2000 est.) |
Puerto Rico: Population / Demographics
Population (July 2005) | 3,916,632 | Population growth rate (%) (2005) | 0.47% | Population density (people/sq km) (2005) | 437.2 | Percent rural (2003) | 3.3% | Median age (years) | total: 34.23 years | Total fertility rate (children born/woman) | 1.91 (2005 est.) | Ethnic groups (%) | white (mostly Spanish origin) 80.5%, black 8%, Amerindian 0.4%, Asian 0.2%, mixed and other 10.9% |
Largest Cities in Puerto Rico
Cities and urban areas in Puerto Rico with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.
City | Country | City Population | Urban Area Population |
San Juan | Puerto Rico | 429900 | 1991900 |
Bayamon | Puerto Rico | 207300 | 207300 |
Carolina | Puerto Rico | 171300 | 171300 |
Ponce | Puerto Rico | 158000 | 158000 |
Puerto Rico: Infrastructure
Telephones - main lines in use | 1,329,500 (2002) | Telephones - mobile cellular | 1,211,111 (2001) | Roadways (km) | total: 25,328 km paved: 23,665 km (including 426 km of expressways) unpaved: 1,363 km (2004) |
Puerto Rico: Health
Life expectancy at birth (years) | total population: 78.29 years male: 74.35 years female: 82.43 years (2005 est.) | Infant mortality rate | 8.24 deaths/1,000 live births | HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) | NA |
Puerto Rico
: References & Data Sources
Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com
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